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Translation and Shifting (Format encoding) ๐Ÿฅญ

Feb 09, 20252 min read

Identify the cipher

CTF Formats

Here are some of the most CTF common formats to encode flags with examples:

  • Binary: 01101100 01100101 01110100 01110011 00100000 01110100 01110010 01111001 00100000 01110011 01101111 01101101 01100101 00100000 01100010 01101001 01101110 01100001 01110010 01111001 00100000 01101111 01110101 01110100 00100001 โ†’ lets try some binary out!
  • Base32: MJQXGZJTGIQGS4ZAON2XAZLSEBRW63LNN5XCA2LOEBBVIRRHOM====== โ†’ base32 is super common in CTF's
  • Base64: RWFjaCBCYXNlNjQgZGlnaXQgcmVwcmVzZW50cyBleGFjdGx5IDYgYml0cyBvZiBkYXRhLg== โ†’ Each Base64 digit represents exactly 6 bits of data.
  • Base91: dcode
  • Hexadecimal: 68 65 78 61 64 65 63 69 6d 61 6c 20 6f 72 20 62 61 73 65 31 36 3f โ†’ hexadecimal or base16?
  • ROT13: Ebgngr zr 13 cynprf! โ†’ Rotate me 13 places!
  • ROT47: *@F DA:? >6 C:89E C@F?5 323J C:89E C@F?5 Wcf E:>6DX โ†’ you spin me right round baby right round (47 times)
  • Morse: - . .-.. . -.-. --- -- -- ..- -. .. -.-. .- - .. --- -.. -. -.-. --- -.. .. -. --. โ†’ TELECOMMUNICATION ENCODING
  • Decimal: 85 110 112 97 99 107 32 116 104 105 115 32 66 67 68 โ†’ Unpack this BCD
  • Vigenere Cipher: decoder1, decoder2, decoder3
    • Beaufort Variant: Tizmg_nv_zxxvhh_gl_gsv_nzk_kovzhv
  • More Cipher (rare Caesar): quipqiup (Like Lwuv oguukpi ctqwpf.)
  • If you see something like: 581695969015253365094191591547859387620042736036246486373595515576333693, try the following script:
n = 581695969015253365094191591547859387620042736036246486373595515576333693
h = hex(n)[2:]
print(bytearray.fromhex(h).decode())
  • If you donโ€™t know the cipher, try here pasting the message: dcode
  • Spoon Programming language:
111111111100100010101011101011111110101111111111011011011011000001101001001011111111111111001010010111100101000000000000101001101111001010010010111111110010100000000000000000000000000000000000000010101111110010101100101000000000000000000000101001101100101001001011111111111111111111001010000000000000000000000000001010111001010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001010011011001010010010111111111111111111111001010000000000000000000000000000000001010111111001010011011001010010111111111111100101001000000000000101001111110010100110010100100100000000000000000000010101110010100010100000000000000010100000000010101111100101001111001010011001010010000001010010100101011100101001101100101001011100101001010010100110110010101111111111111111111111111111111110010100100100000000000010100010100111110010100000000000000000000000010100111111111111111110010100101111001010000000000000001010
 
that means:
 
The magic word you are looking for is ApplePie

Encoding/Decoding on your machine

Base64 Encode

echo https://www.hackthebox.eu/ | base64
 
aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGFja3RoZWJveC5ldS8K

Base64 Decode

echo aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaGFja3RoZWJveC5ldS8K | base64 -d
 
https://www.hackthebox.eu/

Hex Encode

echo https://www.hackthebox.eu/ | xxd -p
 
68747470733a2f2f7777772e6861636b746865626f782e65752f0a

Hex Decode

echo 68747470733a2f2f7777772e6861636b746865626f782e65752f0a | xxd -p -r
 
https://www.hackthebox.eu/

ROT13 Encode

echo https://www.hackthebox.eu/ | tr 'A-Za-z' 'N-ZA-Mn-za-m'
 
uggcf://jjj.unpxgurobk.rh/

ROT13 Decode

echo uggcf://jjj.unpxgurobk.rh/ | tr 'A-Za-z' 'N-ZA-Mn-za-m'
 
https://www.hackthebox.eu/

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